Eni is active in the refining sector in Italy and Germany. Furthermore, Eni has converted the former Venice refinery into a green refinery (the world’s first example of a biorefinery conversion) and has also started a green conversion project at the industrial site of the former Gela refinery. Eni’s refining system in Italy comprises of 3 company owned refineries (Sannazzaro, Livorno and Taranto) and a 50% stake in the Milazzo refinery. In Germany, Eni holds an 8.33% interest in the Schwedt refinery and a 20% interest in Bayernoil, an integrated refining hub that includes the Vohburg and Neustadt refineries.
- Sannazzaro: located in the Po Valley, this is one of the most efficient refineries in Europe. In 2013, the first conversion plant was opened, based on proprietary Eni Slurry Technology (EST), for processing heavy crude fuel oil and high-quality distillates (especially diesel).
- Taranto: As well as being the sole refining centre in south-east Italy and the most important hub for distributing petroleum products in this vast area, the refinery has links to the Upstream sector thanks to its direct pipeline connection with the Val d’Agri oil field in Basilicata (60.77 per cent Eni-owned).
- Livorno: produces lubricants and other specialties and is connected via a pipeline to the Calenzano (Florence) deposit.
- Milazzo: on Sicily's northern coastline, this is a joint enterprise between Eni and Kuwait Petroleum Italia, both of whom hold equal shares.
- Venice (Porto Marghera): in June 2014, the Porto Marghera biorefinery opened with a capacity of around 360 thousand tons/year of green diesel, produced from refined vegetable oils using Eni technology (EcofiningTM). A further development phase of development is underway. When fully operational, production will be able to meet about half of Eni's biofuels needs, in line with the EU environmental legislation requirements aimed at reducing CO2 emissions. The second phase of the biorefinery is expected to be completed by 2021, with an increase in capacity up to 560 thousand tons/year (compared to the current 360 thousand tons/year).
- Gela: in November 2014, a plan to redevelop the Gela site was agreed with the Ministry of Economic Development, the Region of Sicily and industry partners. The key point of the agreement is the conversion of the refinery into a biorefinery. In August 2017, the VIA / AIA authorisation was issued by the Ministry of the Environment and the Protection of the Territory and the Sea and the Ministry of Cultural Heritage, relating to the environmental impact assessment. Conversion activities continued during 2018. The new plant will begin operating in 2019.
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